3 Types of title deeds in Kenya:

A title deed is a signed agreement that proves ownership of land and legal rights to it. There exist different types of title deeds as per the various types of Land Acts that have been in existence.

Before the Land Registration Act, 2012, the following types of tile deeds existed (but were later consolidated):

Indenture Title

This was a title under the Government Lands Act Cap 280. It has since been repealed.

Grant Title

This was a government grant under the Registration of Titles Act Cap 281 and a county council grant under Trust Land Act Cap 288.

Both have been repealed.

Certificate of Title

This is under Cap 281 issued due to subdivision without change of user. Change of user happens when one shifts from, for instance, agriculture to residential.

Certificate of Lease

This is a title under the Registered Lands Act Cap 300 (repealed) for leasehold land. A leasehold is a form of land tenure where a lessee (occupant) holds rights to land for a specific period.

It is subject to conditions imposed on land rights by the lessor (landowner). The period can be 33, 50, 66 or 99 years for all urban plots.

This is a title under the Registered Lands Act Cap 300 (repealed) for freehold land. This is a form of ownership in which the landowner has the maximum rights in terms of a period of ownership and use of the land.

Sectional Title

This is a title for a unit within a building, for example, a flat. It emanates from the Sectional Properties Act of 1987 and the title is deemed to be registered under the Registered Lands Act Cap 300.

It is important to note that the Land Registration Act, 2012 in Section 26 consolidates the above several titles into the Certificate of Title. The aim is to rationalise and reduce confusion brought about by previous Land Acts, which resulted in various types of titles existing concurrently.

After Land Registration Act, 2012 was enacted, we have the following Type of Title deeds in Kenya after consolidation of several titles into the certificate of title:

1.Certificate of lease:

Title under the Registered Lands Act Cap 300 (repealed) for leasehold land.

2. Absolute title deed:

Title under the Registered Lands Act Cap 300 (repealed) for freehold land.

3. Sectional title:

Title for a unit within a building, for example, a flat or apartment.

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